![]() It crossed into the solar atmosphere at least three times where temperatures can reach 2 million kelvins (1999726.85 degrees Celsius), at a speed of 62 miles (100 kilometers) a second. Prior to April 28, the spacecraft had been flying just beyond this point. An image of the sun taken in 1997 shows the hot temperatures of the corona (in lighter colors) compared to cooler temperatures of the surface of the sun (in darker colors). The Alfvn point is when solar winds exceed a critical speed and can break free of the corona and the Sun's magnetic fields. Over many decades of study, the photosphere's temperature has been consistently estimated at around 6,000C. Parker launched from earth in 2018 and got to within 8 million miles (13 million kilometers) of the center of the sun. The corona is the outermost layer of the Sun's atmosphere where strong magnetic fields bind plasma and prevent turbulent solar winds from escape. The extreme heat of the Sun’s corona is one of the most vexing problems in astrophysics. "The fact that the probe has touched the sun is a crowning moment for solar science and an extraordinary feat," said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator of NASA's science mission board, in a statement. Temperatures in the corona regularly measure more than 1 million degrees Celsius, and scientists believe that the process that generates this intense heat so far from the Sun’s core may govern how. The pressure and density in the corona are far lower than in the Earths atmosphere. The Sun’s surface is relatively temperate compared with the Sun’s upper atmosphere, or corona, the wispy tendrils of plasma seen around the. ![]() The temperature of the corona is over a million degrees, significantly greater than the surface temperature of the Sun, which is about 5,500 degrees Celsius. As the outer edge of a massive ball of gas superheated by thermonuclear reactions fusing hydrogen atoms into helium atoms, the surface of the Sun is extremely hot a blistering 6,000 degrees Celsius. ![]() The coronas temperature can reach two million Degrees Celsius, and it is these high temperatures that give it unique spectral features. The material in the corona is a tremendously hot yet tenuous plasma. Corona The corona stretches millions of kilometers into space and like the chromosphere, can only be sighted easily during an eclipse. The probe's spiral trajectory takes it gradually closer to the sun with each rotation and NASA estimates suggest that "during the last few passes" it would have been consistently close enough to have entered the corona. It then took scientists several months to receive the data and analyse it to confirm the achievement. The chromospheres temperature is about 4,320 degrees Celsius. The Parker Solar Probe stayed for five hours in the corona in April during its eighth close encounter with the sun. The successful first contact of the with the sun's outer layer was announced at an American Geophysical Union meeting after a 93 million mile (150 million km) journey from earth. A NASA spacecraft has gone closer to the sun than ever before, entering its atmosphere known as the corona, scientists from the US space agency said on Tuesday.
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